2015年鞍山地区手足口病实验室检测结果分析

Analysis of laboratory test results of hand- foot- mouth disease in Anshan area in 2015

目的检测鞍山地区2015年手足口病的病原,探讨病毒活动状况及流行规律,为本地区手足口病防治提供科学依据。方法收集鞍山地区哨点医院诊断为手足口病患者的咽拭子和粪便标本共计466份,采用实时荧光PCR同时进行肠道病毒通用型（EV）、肠道病毒71型（EV71）、柯萨奇病毒A16型（CA16）和柯萨奇A6（CA6）核酸检测。结果 466份标本中确诊216例核酸检测阳性,其中191例阳性患者集中在1岁~5岁,占全部患者的88.4%（191/216）。2015年手足口病EV71、CA16、EV、CA6的阳性率分别为2.36%、1.07%、5.36%、37.55%。结论 2015年鞍山地区手足口病的主要病原为CA6,且手足口病发病年龄以5岁以下为主。学龄前儿童是手足口病防控的重点。

Objective To test the hand- foot- mouth disease（ HFMD） pathogen in Anshan area in 2015,and to discuss the virus activity status and epidemic regulation,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of HFMD in this area. Methods 466 cases of HFMD patients＇ throat swab and stool samples were collected from sentinel hospitals of Anshan area,and the nucleic acid detection of EV,EV71,CA16 and CA6 was conducted simultaneously by the means of real- time PCR. Results The nucleic acid test of 216 samples were positive out of the 466 samples. Moreover,191 positive samples were from 1- 5 years old,accounting for 88. 4%（ 191 /216） of total cases. The positive rates of EV71,CA16,EV and CA6 were2. 36%,1. 07%,5. 36% and 37. 55%,respectively,in 2015. Conclusion CA6 was the main pathogen of HFMD in Anshan area in 2015. The occurrence age of HFMD is below 5 years old. The HFMD prevention and control on preschool children is the key point.