深圳市2013—2015年5岁以下儿童死亡监测结果分析

Analysis of death monitoring results among children under 5 years old in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2015

目的了解深圳市2013-2015年5岁以下儿童死亡率,以及死因顺位等监测情况。方法收集2013-2015年深圳市5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料,计算婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率,5岁以下儿童主要死因别死亡率及死因顺位。结果 2015年深圳市婴儿和5岁以下儿童死亡率分别为2.05‰和2.84‰,较2013年（3.01‰和3.96‰）分别下降了31.89%和28.28%。2013-2015年5岁以下儿童的早产/低出生体重、肺炎和先天性心脏病死亡率有明显下降趋势（P〈0.05）。早产/低出生体重是婴儿死亡的首位死因,而1~4岁儿童的首位死因为交通意外。结论深圳市5岁以下儿童死亡率呈明显的下降趋势,提高产前诊断技术与新生儿复苏技术,加强围生期保健,提高安全意识,预防意外伤害,是进一步降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。

Objective To study the trend of the mortality rate and the causes of death among children under 5 years old in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2015. Methods The surveillance data of mortality among children under 5 years old in Shenzhen from 2013 to2015 were collected. The mortality rates of infants（ IMR） and children under 5 years old（ U5MR）,the causes of death were determined. Results Between 2013 and 2015 the IMR and U5 MR in Shenzhen dropped by 31. 89% and 28. 28% respectively,from3. 01‰ and 3. 96‰ in 2013 to 2. 05‰ and 2. 84‰ in 2015. There was a steady decline in the U5 MR due to premature birth and low birth weight,pneumonia and congenital heart disease. The first cause of death was premature birth and low birth weight in infants. The first cause of death of 1- 4 years old was traffic accident. Conclusions The U5 MR was reduced in Shenzhen. To reduce the U5 MR further,it is important to improve prenatal diagnosis and neonatal resuscitation,and enhance perinatal health care and accident prevention.