汉族与维吾尔族急性心肌梗死冠状动脉病变特点及危险因素分析

Characteristics and risk factors of coronary artery disease in Han and Uygur patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的：分析喀什地区汉族与维吾尔族急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者冠脉病变特点及其危险因素。方法回顾性分析因 AMI（包括急性 ST 段抬高性 AMI 和非急性 ST 段抬高性 AMI）住院治疗的汉族患者98例和维吾尔族患者152例的临床资料，分析冠脉病变特点及危险因素。结果维吾尔族 AMI 患者中高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、肥胖与汉族患者差异均无统计学意义（均 P ＞0．05）。维吾尔族 AMI 患者高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）为（1．10±0．36）mmol／L，低于汉族患者的（1．41±0．53）mmol／L（t ＝6．701，P ＜0．05）；三酰甘油（TG）[（2．21±1．40）mmol／L]高于汉族患者[（1．76±0．77）mmol／L]（t ＝6．393，P ＜0．05）；维吾尔族 AMI 患者总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与汉族患者相比差异均无统计学意义（均 P ＞0．05）。维吾尔族 AMI 患者纤维蛋白原（FIB）水平[（4．02±0．84）g／L]高于汉族患者[（3．69±0．69）g／L]，差异有统计学意义（t ＝8．420， P ＝0．004）。维吾尔族 AMI 患者冠脉造影提示多支病变居多，受累血管中前降支多发，但与汉族患者比较差异无统计学意义（P ＝0．713）。汉、维吾尔族 AMI 患者冠脉造影结果冠脉未见明显异常血管支数比较差异有统计学意义（P ＝0．003）。结论维吾尔族患者血脂异常病史者较多，TG 和 FIB 水平高于汉族，HDL-C 水平低于汉族。冠脉未见明显病变者维吾尔族患者较汉族患者少。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of Han and Uygur patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI）of coronary artery disease and its risk factors in Kashi area.Methods The clinical data of 98 cases of Han and Uygur 152 cases with AMI （including acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and acute non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction）were retrospectively analyzed.And risk factors were analyzed.Results Uygur patients with AMI in hypertension,diabetes,smoking,obesity and Han patients with no significant difference（P 〉0.05）.In Uygur patients with AMI high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL -C）was （1.10 ±0.36）mmol/L,which was lower than Han patients （1.41 ±0.53）mmol/L（t =6.701,P 〈0.05）,triglyceride（TG）[（2.21 ±1.40）mmol/L] higher than Han patients[（1.76 ±0.77）mmol/L]（t =6.393,P 〈0.05）,total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and Han patients compared with no significant difference（P 〉0.05）.The level of fibrinogen（FIB）in Uygur AMI patients[（4.02 ±0.84）g/L]was higher than that in Han patients[（3.69 ±0.69）g/L]（t =8.420,P =0.004）.Uygur patients with acute myocardial infarction coronary angiography showed multiple lesions in the majority, the involvement of blood vessels in the anterior descending branch,there was no significant difference between the Han patients（P =0.713）.No obvious abnormal vessels of Han and Uygur AMI patients in coronary angiography showed no statistically significant differences（P =0.003）.Conclusion Uygur patients had more history of dyslipidemia,triglyceride and fibrinogen levels were higher than the Han nationality,low density lipoprotein levels were lower than that of the Han nationality.Patients with no obvious lesion in the coronary artery were less than the Han patients.