中山市医务工作者心理健康状况及其影响因素

Mental health status and its influencing factors among medical workers in Zhongshan City

目的调查中山市医务人员心理健康状况并分析相关因素,为制定心理干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)调查问卷,对中山市某三级综合医院、专科医院、镇区医院共400名医务人员抽样测试,采用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析。结果医务人员SCL-90各因子得分均高于全国常模(P<0.05),相关因素提示,女性各因子得分均高于男性;已婚者躯体化因子得分高于未婚者[(1.75±0.72)vs(1.57±0.63)];不同年龄组躯体化、抑郁、敌对3个因子得分差异有统计学意义(均为30岁以下组得分最低,P<0.05);工龄越长者躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、敌对、偏执、精神病性症状越严重(P<0.05);妇产科各因子得分均最高,其次为儿科和急诊/ICU(P<0.05)。结论中山市医务人员心理状态总体较正常人群偏低,与科室、专业、性别、工龄、年龄、婚姻状态等密切相关。应及时采取有效缓解心理压力的措施,以确保医疗服务质量与安全。

[Objective]To investigate the mental health status among medical workers in Zhongshan City,analyze the influencing factors,provide scientific basis for the development of psychological intervention measures.[Methods]400 medical workers from the third-level general hospitals,specialty hospitals,and township hospitals in Zhongshan City were investigated by using the Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）,and the results were statistically analyzed. [Results]The scores of all factors in SCL-90 of medical workers were higher than the national norms（P〈0.05）. The scores of all factors in females were higher than those in males. The score of somatization in married group was higher than that in unmarried group（1.75 ±0.72 vs 1.57 ±0.63）. The differences in scores of somatization,depression and hostility were statistically significant among different age groups,and the scores in 〈30 years old group were the lowest（P〈0.05）. The scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsive,depression,hostility,paranoid and psychotic symptoms increased with the increase of working years（P〈0.05）. The scores of all factors in obstetrics and gynecology department were the highest,followed by pediatric department and emergency department/ICU（P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]The mental health status of medical workers in Zhongshan City is lower than the normal population,and it is closely related to department,profession,gender,length of service,age,and marital status. It is necessary to take effective measures to relieve their psychological pressure,so as to ensure the quality and safety of medical services.