景德镇市短时强降水的特征与统计分析

Analysis of the Characteristics and Statistics on Short-time Heavy Rain in Jingdezhen

为了研究景德镇地区的强降水天气特征,找出强降水的时空分布特征和量级规律,并对2005-2015年景德镇强降水观测资料进行了普查与特征分析。结果表明：1）景德镇市短时强降水天气一般出现在4-9月份,7月最多;大致每年有8~9场,易发生在傍晚至上半夜时段,平均降水强度33.8 mm/h,最强达105.8 mm/h;2）超7成的短时强降水中会有超短时强降水,最强可达30 mm/10 min以上;3）短时强降水大多发生在系统性的暴雨过程中,有的在强雷暴过程中,往往伴有雷雨大风、冰雹等强对流天气;4）雷暴往往超前于强降水,并以西、西南、西北等方向为主;5）强降水过程中伴有气压涌升、风力加大,相对湿度上升,气温下降等明显特征。

In order to analyze the characteristics of short-time heavy rain in Jingdezhen area,especially its spatial and temporal distribution characteristics,a survey and research were conducted by studying observation data of the past 10 years. Conclusions are as following. 1） short-time heavy rains usually occur during April and November and reach the top in July. Most heavy rain happened during dusk and midnight of a day with an average intense of 33. 8 mm / h. 2） Over 70% of total short-time heavy rains contains super short-time heavy rains with the extreme precipitation of 30 mm /10 min.3） Most short- time heavy rains happen in systematic progress accompanied by thunderstorm gale and hail. 4） Thunderstorm usually happens before heavy rain,and most came from the west,southwest and northwest. 5） Most short-time heavy rains have the characteristics of pressure lifting,wind and relative humidity increasing,temperature decreasing etc.