广西香蕉种质资源的SSR分析

SSR Analysis of Banana Cultivars/Accessions in Guangxi

研究广西特色香蕉种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系，为香蕉种质资源分类、品种鉴定和有效利用提供理论参考。采用13对SSR荧光标记引物，对收集到的24份广西主栽香蕉品种及特色种质资源进行扩增，采用毛细管电泳对其进行基因分型。共扩增得到131个等位基因，平均每对引物扩增得到10．1个等位基因。引物的多态性信息含量（PIC）为0．65～0．87，平均0．77。在相似系数0．85附近，24个香蕉品种划分为4个大类：第一大类包含栽培种的香牙蕉和广西各地区的野生近缘种，第二大类为大蕉，第三大类为粉蕉，第四大类为贡蕉。从收集到的野生资源中筛选与栽培种亲缘关系较近、且具有良好抗病性的品种，可作为抗病育种的中间材料，并从分子角度入手挖掘优良的基因加以应用。

The genetic relationship of banana germplasm in Guangxi was defined to provide references for classification, identification and uti- lization of banana. 24 banana cultivars and wild germplasm collections were analyzed with SSR markers. Twenty-four banana cultivars/aeces- sions were genotyped with 13 pairs of fluorescence labeled SSR primers by capillary electrophoresis. We amplified 131 alleles, with the aver- age of 10.1 alleles for each primer amplification. The polymorphism information content（ PIC ） was 0.65 - 0.87 （ average value of 0.77 ）. Twenty-four banana cultiva-m/accessions were grouped into 4 clusters based on the similarity coefficient of 0.85. The first group includes Mu- sa AAA Cavendish and wild relatives of banana collected from Guangxi. The second group is plantain, and the other two groups are dwarf ba- nana and Musa AA Pisang, respectively. The good disease-resistance varieties, which had close genetic relationship with cultivated varie- ties, would be selected from wild germplasm and be used as the middle materials of disease-resistant breeding. From these varieties good genes could be explored and utilized.