全球集装箱海运航线网络关键港口识别

Identification of Key Ports in Global Container Shipping Routes Network

针对关键港口识别方法相对孤立、测度指标相对单一的现状,基于复杂网络理论,以海运航线网络中港口度、港口介数、接近度、集聚因数和港口流量为指标,运用主成分分析法,得出了海运航线网络中港口的综合排名。以排名比较靠前的港口为关键港口,并运用相关性分析对港口的综合排名进行验证。验证结果表明:关键港口的分布受腹地位置影响,在数量上,亚洲和欧洲居于主导地位,新加坡港口以绝对优势居于综合排名的首位,中国的上海港口和香港港口分别进入了前10位。

Aiming at the present conditions that the identification methods and measurement indexs of key ports were relatively isolated and single respectively,based on complex network theory,the ports ranking in the shipping routes network was obtained by principal component analysis with the degree,clustering coefficient,betweenness,nearness and flow of ports as index. The top-ranking ports were key ports. The port comprehensive ranking was verified through related analysis. The results show that the distribution of key ports is affected by hinterland positions. Asian and European occupy the leading position in number. Singapore port ranks top one with an absolute advantage. Besides that,ports of Shanghai and Hong Kong rank into the top ten.