敦煌变文与现代汉语同形的复合词的词义演变

Semantic Transformations of Homographic Compound Words between Dunhuang Public Lecture Writings and Modern Chinese Language

将《敦煌文献语言词典》中见于敦煌变文的复合词跟《现代汉语词典》中同形的复合词进行比较,可发现绝大多数复合词的词义都有所改变。其词义演变的结果可以概括为:1、义项的增减变化。2、意义近似的义项的词义范围、词义轻重程度、感情色彩及语法功能可能不同。推动这些复合词由最初的单义向多义发展的机制主要是隐喻和转喻,"事件框架"在意义相关而语法功能不同的初始义和引申义之间建立起了心理认知上的联系,从而也推动产生了相应的引申义。

Dunhuang Public Lecture Writings , as highly colloquial popular literature, have been attaching great importance by researchers of modem Chinese . This paper is to compare the compound words from Dun - huang Literary Language Dictionarys used in Dunhuang Public Lecture Writings with those from Modem Chinese Dictionary and to show that most of them have semantically changed. As for the change, it is presented in the following five aspects： firstly, the addition and subtraction of sense; secondly, the semantic range of sense with similar mean- ing; thirdly, the semantic degree of sense with similar meaning; fourthly, the semantic emotion of sense with similar meaning; fifthly, the grammatical function of sense with similar meaning. And the mechanism which drives the transformation of these compound words from original single sense into multi sense are mainly metaphor and metonymy. Through this mechanism, Event Frame builds a psychological cognition link between initial sense and extend sense, of relevant meaning but different grammatical functions, which promotes corresponding extend sense.