水电移民搬迁前后生计资本分析

Analysis of Livelihood Capital before and after the Relocation of Hydropower Immigrants

生计资本在移民生产生活系统的重建过程中扮演着重要角色,是解决水电移民生存发展的关键。通过对A县水电移民的实地调研和问卷调查,对移民搬迁前后的生计资本进行了分析,主要从自然资本、物质资本、金融资本、社会资本、人力资本5个方面的生计资本进行了数据分析;最后用层次分析法进行定量分析。结果表明,A县移民搬迁前后的生计资本中自然资本减少0.168、物质资本减少0.127、金融资本减少0.156、社会资本减少0.062、人力资本减少0.082。可见,搬迁后移民损失程度最大的为自然资本,其次为金融资本,第三为物质资本,人力资本和社会资本分列第四、第五位。

The livelihood capital plays an important role in reconstruction process of immigration live system and is the key to solve the survival and development problem of hydropower immigrants. Through field survey and questionnaire survey of County A, the livelihood capital before and after the relocation of hydropower immigrants are analyzed from the aspects of natural capital, physical capital, financial capital, social capital and human capital, and then the analytic hierarchy process is used to analyze the data of five capitals. The results show that the natural capital is reduced by 0. 168, the material capital is reduced by 0. 127, the financial capital is reduced by 0. 156, the social capital is reduced by 0. 062, and the human capital is reduced by 0. 082. After relocation, the largest loss of immigrants is natural capital, followed by the financial capital, the material capital, the human capital and the social capital respectively.