清代华北平原易涝地区的农业生产

Floods and Development of Rural Agriculture of the North China Plains during Qing Dynasty

清代,华北平原水灾多发,洪水不仅摧毁村落、淹没田地,造成土壤沙化和盐碱化等严重后果,在许多地势低洼之地,还易形成长期积涝之区。面对易涝的生产环境,乡村百姓在长期生产实践中不断积累经验,创新应对措施,通过作物品种的选择、种植布局的调整、改进生产技术以及因地制宜从事乡村特色产业等方式来发展生产,并取得了一定的成效。这些措施体现了人与自然共处过程中的互动,对今天的农业发展亦具有一定的积极意义。

The floods of the North China Plains occurred frequently during Qing Dynasty. The floods destroyed villages, flooded fields, causing soil desertification and salinization and other serious consequences. In face of the threat of the floods, the local people did not retreat; they constantly accumulated experience and innovating measures in the long-term struggle with floods, such as choosing the suitable crops, adjusting the types and layout of the crops initiatively, improving farming methods, developing the handicraft indus- try suited to the local conditions and so on. These measures reflected the process of interaction in the coexistence between human and nature, which have certain positive significance today.