茅苍术种子形态结构及萌发特性研究

Seed morphology,structure,and germination feature of Atractylodes lancea

目的 探讨茅苍术种子形态特征、结构特征及萌发特性,考察其最适萌发条件,为该解决该药材有性繁殖问题提供科学依据。方法 以茅苍术种子为研究对象,利用扫描电镜观察种子（瘦果）表面形态及内部构造,并研究不同光照、温度和发芽床对种子萌发的影响。结果 茅苍术种子（瘦果）表面有条纹及网纹,被稠密顺向贴服的长毛,长毛系两细胞平行合生,顶端分叉,种子内无胚乳,子叶肥厚而直立。种子适宜萌发条件为15℃~25℃、湿润的纸面,光照影响不大。结论阐明了茅苍术种子（瘦果）的形态特征及结构特征,明确了种子的适宜萌发条件,对茅苍术规范化种植过程的有性繁殖环节有重要指导意义。

Objective This study was designed to investigate seed （achene） morphology, structure, and germination feature of Atractylodes lancea, which could provide useful information for sexual propagation. Methods The achene surface and internal structure was observed by scan electron microscopy. Seeds were exposed to different light, temperature, and seed germination bed to measure germination rate and germinability. Results The striate and reticulate surface of achene could be clearly observed with long dense forward - only hair. The hair was comprised of two long parallel cells with bifurcate end. Embryo with two hypertrophic up -right cotyledons rather than endosperm could be clearly seen. The germination rate was highest in the following condition： 15 25% and filter paper surface, but hardly affected by light. Conclusion Seed morphology, structure, and germination feature of A. lancea were clarified, as well as suitable germination condition, which provide scientific basis for the standardized cultivation of this medicinal plant.