藏语名词的指称及其对周边语言的影响

Referentiality of Nouns in Tibetan and Its Impact on Neighboring Languages

藏语专有名词通常表定指,光杆名词表定指时通常需要和指示词组合;表无定时通常后加zig、tig、zk等成分,这些成分与光杆名词组合时也表示"一"。藏语的这种"名+数"语序对周边的汉语方言、土族语、撒拉语等语言的语序产生了较大的影响,使得这些语言的语序产生变异。

In Tibetan, bare nouns indicate generic reference while proper nouns generally denote definite reference. Definite reference is often denoted by co-occurrence of nouns with demonstratives, while indefinite reference is expressed by nouns with suffixed elements such as zig, teiO and zak, meaning ＇one＇. This word order of ＇noun＋numerar in Tibetan has exerted influence on neighboring languages such as Chinese dialects, Monguor and Salar, which brings change to word orders in these languages.