风电场运行维护人员工效学负荷水平评估

Assessmenton the ergonomic load levels among operation and maintenance personnel in wind farm

目的评估风电场运行维护作业工效学负荷的大小及分布,探讨工效学负荷与肌肉骨骼疾患(musculoskeletal disorders,MSDs)之间的剂量—效应关系。方法采用整群抽样法抽取我国某公司风电事业部所属风电场运行维护人员151人为研究对象。采用北欧肌肉骨骼疾患调查问卷(Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaires,NMQ)和肌肉骨骼疾患危险因素快速接触检查法(Quick Exposure Check,QEC)分析MSDs的发生情况、工效学负荷暴露水平及二者之间的剂量—效应关系。结果风电场运行维护人员背部(动态)、肩(臂)部、背部(静态)和手腕部这4个部位的工效学暴露等级均处于极高或高水平;MSDs阳性组工效学得分均高于阴性组,且随着工效学暴露水平的增高,MSDs的发生率随之升高。结论风电场运行维护作业工效学负荷水平较高,且工效学负荷与MSDs之间存在剂量—效应关系。

Objective To assess the size and distribution of ergonomic load, and explore the doseresponse relationship between ergonomic load and musculoskeletal disorders （MSDs） among operation and maintenance personnel in wind farm. Methods A cross-sectional population-based sampling survey of 151 operation and maintenance personnel in wind farm was performed. Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaires （NMQ） and Quick Exposure Check （QEC） were adopted to analyze the occurrence of MSDs, the ergonomic exposure level load and the dose-response relationship between them. Results The ergonomie exposure grade in back （moving）, shoulder/arm, back （static） and wrist/hand were at a very high or high level. The ergonomic score in MSDs positive group was higher than negative group, and with ergonomic exposure level increasing, the incidence of MSDs increased. Conclusions The ergonomic load level among operation and maintenance personnel in wind farm was high, and there was a dose-response relationship between ergonomic load and MSDs.