社工薪酬的结构性困境与可能出路——以珠三角地区为例

Structural Dilemma and Its Possible Way Out for Social Workers' Compensations: A Case Study on the Pearl River Delta Region

社会工作是社会服务的重要组成部分。作为社会服务的直接提供者,社会工作者的薪酬是其职业选择的重要影响因素。受社工薪酬体制环境的影响,社工薪酬普遍呈现出资金来源单一、给付标准僵化、总体水平偏低的外生性约束特征;受社工薪酬行业结构的影响,社工薪酬又表现出弱跳板效应、强性别占比和唯指标论等内生性约束。囿于社工薪酬的这种内外约束,如何从赋权与自主性建设的角度出发,围绕社工薪酬的资源整合与权利实现、多元筹资与保障机制、专业化建设与服务拓展等议题,从理念、体制和行业层面探寻社工薪酬结构性困境的突破口,是社工薪酬待遇提升的路径选择。

Social work is an important part of social service. As the direct provider of social service, social workers will make career choice after the consideration of payment level. Influenced by the institutional environment of social workers＇ compensation, the exogenous features of social workers＇ compensation in China are as follows ： only one single source of funds, rigid payment standards, and the solidified compensation structure. At the same time, influenced by the industry structure of social workers＇ compensation, the endogenous constraints of social workers＇ compensation show the following issues：the weak spring- board effect, strong gender ratio problem and the target-based phenomenon. Due to the internal and external constraints of the social workers＇ compensation,the path of increasing social workers＇ payment level is that, exploring the breakthrough of the structural dilemma of social workers＇ compensation from the aspects of concept, system and industry, from the perspective of empowerment and autonomy construction, and focus on the dimensions of the integration of resources and realization of rights, multiple financing and guarantee mechanism, specialization in construction and service expansion, etc.