“倒逼”式改革:基于多案例的大数据分析

Mechanism of "Society's Reversal Pressure":Big Data Analysis Based on Multicase

学者一般认为我国公共政策的制定是封闭的自上而下的单一过程。随着市场推动的结果,也有学者认为存在社会"倒逼"式的改革,但认为限于民生领域。本研究设计了一个可验证的方法,选取了三个关键案例和两个反例,通过antconc程序应用大数据,抓取网络与媒体数据库中的关键词,进行时序比较与文本分析,试图发现社会舆论对我国公共政策是否施加确定性影响的证据及其路经。研究发现存在着,社会舆论→市场媒体→官方媒体→公共政策的自下而上一般政策形成过程与路径,此现象存在于以民生关系密切程度进行区分的公共政策的各个层次。之后的文本分析进一步解读了其中具体机制。这说明我国的公共政策已具有一定的社会回应性特征。

Researchers have different opinions on the topic of＂whether society is promoting Chinese administrative reform in a bottom -up way＂ for a long time. Some researchers have positive attitude towards this topic through their normative researches, but most of them still believe that the driving force from administrative system itself is much more powerful than society. This study is to respond to this argument by way of empirical research. From the perspective of public policy process in Chinese administrative reform, this study has proved the existence of a bottom - up policy formation path （ public opinion→ market media → official media → public policy） through the method of word frequency distribution analysis and using the Big Date from the Internet. This study found that the bottom - up policy formation path exists at all levels of Chinese administrative reform, and showed the mechanism of that. On the whole, the public policy already has the society responds in our country.