车轮荷载作用下的沥青路面结构受力特征

Asphalt Pavement Structure Force Characteristics under Wheel Loads

为研究沥青路面在车轮荷载作用下的结构受力特征规律,文章采用ANSYS有限元软件,对典型沥青路面结构在车轮荷载作用下的的受力情况进行数值模拟分析。研究结果表明:在车轮荷载作用下,车轮作用处发生凹陷变形,车轮周边发生凸起变形,且中面层和下面层的竖向变形最大;路面各节点产生的位移随着路面深度的增大而增大;在车轮荷载作用范围内,剪应力呈现不均匀分布;车轮中心位置点处,合应力在车轮荷载的作用时间初期,产生突变增大,但随后应力大小基本保持不变;特征点的竖向位移和蠕变变形均随荷载作用时间逐渐增大,曲线均表现为两阶段变化特征。

In order to study the structure stress characteristic rules of asphalt pavement under the wheel loads,this article conducted the numerical simulation analysis on the force situation of typical asphalt pavement structure under wheel loads by using ANSYS finite element software.The results showed that： under the wheel loads,the recess deformation occurs at the place with wheel action,with peripheral convex deformation around the wheel,and the middle surface layer and low surface layer have the maximum vertical deformation;the displacement at each pavement node increases with the increase of pavement depth; within the action range of wheel loads, the shear stress shows the non-uniform distribution;at the wheel center point,the combined stress has the mutation increases at early stage of wheel load action time, but then the stress magnitudes keep essentially unchanged ;the vertical displacement and creep deformation at characteristic points both gradually increase with the loading action time,and the curve shows the two-stage changing characteristics.