不同轮作模式对日光温室黄瓜生长的影响

Cucumber growth in solar greenhouse affected by rotation modes

为了解不同轮作模式对日光温室黄瓜生长及病害发生的影响,分别以夏季种植水稻、空心菜(水栽)、水芹、草菇、豇豆、夏季空闲的日光温室为对象,观察夏季种植不同作物后下茬日光温室黄瓜的产量、商品性、品质及病害发生的情况。结果表明,与夏季闲棚相比,不同轮作模式有促进黄瓜生长、增加黄瓜产量和提高黄瓜品质的效果,其中以黄瓜与水稻、空心菜(水栽)、水芹轮作模式的增产和提高品质的效果最好,其次是黄瓜与草菇轮作,第三是黄瓜与豇豆轮作;黄瓜与水稻、空心菜、水芹及草菇轮作可以减轻枯萎病、根腐病、根结线虫病的发生,黄瓜与豇豆轮作对日光温室黄瓜病害的发生没有减轻效果。说明在日光温室内种植水生作物或水生栽培可以促进下茬黄瓜的生长,增加黄瓜产量,提高黄瓜商品性和品质,减少连作病害的发生。

Six types of farming patterns( rice-cucumber,water spinach-cucumber,water fennel-cucumber,straw mushroom-cucumber,cowpea-cucumber and crop free-cucumber) were employed to investigate the effects of rotation modes on cucumber yield,commodity,quality and disease resistance in solar greenhouse. Compared to crop free-cucumber mode other five rotation modes improved cucumber growth,cucumber yield and quality,among which,rice-cucumber,water spinach-cucumber and water fennel-cucumber rotation modes presented the greatest effects,followed by straw mushroom-cucumber and cowpea-cucumber modes. The rice-cucumber,water spinach-cucumber,water fennel-cucumber and straw mushroom-cucumber rotation modes mitigated the occurence of fusarium wilt,root rot and root knot nematode disease. Since the cucumber-aquatic crops rotation mode can improve cucumber growth,yield,commodity and quality,mitigate disease occurrence,it is a potential technical measure in overcoming the continuous cropping obstacle of cucumber in solar greenhouse.