日照市流感病毒流行及H3N2亚型血凝素和神经氨酸酶变异情况研究

Study on the prevailing of influenza virus and hemagglutinin and neuraminidase mutation of H3N2 subtype influenza virus in Rihao city

目的：分析近年来日照市流感病毒流行以及H3N2亚型流感病毒血凝素HA和神经氨酸酶NA编码基因变异情况。方法：PCR扩增甲型流感病毒HA和NA编码基因特异性片段，PCR结合核酸序列分析检测11例流感病毒分离毒株HA和NA编码基因变异，所获序列采用MAGA软件与WHO推荐的流感疫苗株序列进行比对分析。结果：日照市自2009年开展流感网络监测以来，每年流行的流感病毒毒株有一定变化，新甲型H1N1流感病毒一直为流行毒株，之后依次为甲型H3N2流感病毒毒株和B型Yamagata系毒株；根据2013-2015年度的11株甲型H3N2流感毒株基因序列分析结果显示，流感病毒存在一定的序列差异，但与流感疫苗推荐的序列仍有较高的吻合度。结论：流感病毒在流行过程中每年的优势流行毒株存在着交替的现象，且流感病毒在流行过程HA和NA编码基因易发生变异，因此加强流感病毒变异的检测对了解其变异规律、筛选疫苗株具有重要意义。

Objective： To analyze influenza virus epidemic situation and the genetic variations of hemagglutinin （HA） and neuraminidase （NA） genes of H3N2 subtype influenza virus in Rizhao City in recent years. Methods： Polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and DNA sequence analysis technique were used to obtain the sequences of HA and NA coding genes in 11 cases of influenza viruses isolated strains. The obtained sequences were analyzed and compared with the WHO recommended influenza vaccine strain sequence by using Maga software. Results： Since the influenza monitoring network was carried out in Rizhao City from 2009, annual epidemics of influenza virus strains are not all the same. Novel influenza A H1N1 virus has always been the prevalent strain, followed by influenza virus strains of influenza A H3N2 and type B Yamagata lineage. According to the sequence analysis - gences. However, they still have high alignment with the recommended influenza vaccine sequence. Conclusion： Alternate phenomenon of predominant strains of Influenza virus exists every year. In the epidemic process, HA and NA encoding genes are prone to mutation. Therefore, to strengthen the detection of influenza virus mutations is important to understanding the virus variation patterns and the selection of vaccine strains.