Xpert MTB／RIF检测技术与痰涂片抗酸染色法检测结核分枝杆菌的比较

Comparison between Xpert MTB/RIF detection technology and sputum smear acid fast stain method to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis

目的：探讨痰液XpertMTB／RIF检测技术与涂片抗酸染色法检测结核分枝杆菌的结果及二者之间的符合程度。方法：本文对475例结核病患者或疑似结核病患者的痰标本分别做XpertMTB／RIF和涂片抗酸染色检测，并将结果进行比较。结果：两种方法检测结核杆菌共有165例阳性，阳性率为34．74％。其中涂片检查阳性90例，阳性率为18．95％；Xpert检测阳性153例，阳性率为32．21％；两种方法均阳性78例，均阴性310例，二者符合率达81．74％；二者比较，差异非常显著（P〈0．001）。结论：XpertMTB／RIF检测MTB速度快，灵敏度高，特异性强，同时还可以检测结核杆菌对利福平的药敏结果，方法简单、操作便捷、安全，对基层单位结核病患者的早期发现、早期诊断及治疗具有重要的意义。

Objective： To study the sputum Xpert MTB acid/RIF detection technology and smear staining method in detecting mycobacterium tuberculosis and conform the consistency between the two methods. Methods： In this paper, 475 sputum specimens of tuberculosis patients or suspected TB patients were collected, Xpert MTB/RIF and acid-fast stain were used to detect MTB, and the results were compared. Results： A total of 165 cases were positive, positive rate was 34.74%. 90 were smear positive cases, positive rate is 18.95%; 153 cases were Xpert test positive, positive rate is 32.21%; Two methods are positive for 78 cases, 310 cases were negative, the coincidence rate was 81.74%; The comparison is of significant differenct （P 〈 0.001） . Conclusion： Xpert MTB/RIF MTB detection is speed, high sensitivity, strong specificity, and also can detect mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility to rifampicin, the method is simple, convenient, safe, and is of great importance for early detection early diagnosis and treatment of TB in basic-level hospitals.