不同矿泥对氯化钾浮选分离的影响及相图表征

Investigation of Slime on the Flotation of Potassium Chloride from Phase Diagram View

针对低品位盐湖钾矿浮选过程中矿泥杂质所引起的氯化钾收率降低的问题,开展了不同类型的矿泥及盐泥混合物的浮选规律研究,并使用设置了矿泥变量的KCl-H2O体系相图来表征矿泥与氯化钾混合浮选的过程,利用相图杠杆规则讨论了氯化钾的浮选收率计算方法。实验结果表明,不同类型的矿泥具有不同的浮出特性,且矿泥对氯化钾回收率的影响程度按高岭土、钾长石、钠长石、石英顺序依次减弱。矿泥中的高岭土组分影响最明显,可使氯化钾回收率从90.67%降至24.68%,精矿和尾矿的曲线在相图中表现为收敛和分散特征均较为突出的线形;长石次之,浮出性稍弱,精尾矿曲线在相图中表现为小幅收敛线形;石英最弱,推测其在浮出过程中受夹带效应的影响较大,精尾矿曲线在相图中收敛性最小。

The slime in the low grade potash ore reduced the flotation recovery of potassium chloride. In this case, the flotation laws of different types of slime and salt - slime mixture were studied. The KC1 - H20 phase diagram with slime variables was used to character the flotation process of salt - slime mixture. And the Lever Rule was used to discuss the calculation method of the flotation recovery of potassium chloride. The results showed that different types of slime have different floating characteristics. The degree of influence on the flotation of potassium chloride was weakening by the order of kaolin, feldspar （orthoclase and albite） and quartz. The effect of kaolin was the strongest. It led to the recovery of potassium chloride decreased from 90.67% to 24.68%. The convergence and dispersion characteristics of concentrate and tailing curves were prominent in the phase diagram. The effect and the floatability of feldspar was weaker than kaolin. The concen- trate and tailing curves showed a slight convergence in the phase diagram. The effect and the convergence of quartz was the weakest. Entrainment was presumed the main effect factor.