汽车坐盆安全气囊对假人伤害的仿真及优化

Simulation and Optimization of Automobile Seat Basin Airbag for Dummy Injury

针对汽车前碰撞过程中假人胸部压缩量超标这一难点,开发了一种安装在座椅坐盆处的全新坐盆安全气囊。通过理论探索坐盆气囊在碰撞过程中的作用原理,证明了坐盆气囊可以有效抑制假人X向运动,达到了减少假人胸部压缩量的目的。借用计算机辅助工程(CAE)中MADYMO软件建立了坐盆气囊模型,通过零部件和子系统的试验验证了该模型的精度。在某款运动型多功能车(SUV)车型上建立了整车约束系统模型且与试验进行了对标验证;在验证后的系统模型中通过增加坐盆气囊的CAE模块作为优化的基础模型,对坐盆气囊的安装位置、角度以及点爆时间进行了灵敏度分析和试验设计(DOE)优化,以探寻最佳的优化方案。经台车试验和限力式预紧安全带对比分析表明,坐盆安全气囊可以降低假人胸部14.79%的压缩量,有效抑制了人体骨盆纵向位移。该结果可为保护假人胸部研究提供参考。

An innovative seat basin airbag installed on the front seat is developed as a solution to the over compression of the dummy chest in the event of full frontal impacts. The operation principle of the seat basin airbag is theoretically investigated to demonstrate its effect on restraining the movement in X-direction and reduce the compression of the dummy chest. The purpose of reducing chest compression of dummies can be achieved via seat basin airbag. A seat basin airbag model is established with the commercial code of MADYMO and its precision is validated by the tests on sub-system and components. A restraint system model for a SUV is established and validated via a full scale test. Putting seat basin airbag CAE module into the validated full scale restraint system model facilitates constructing an essential optimization scheme, in which DOE （design of experiment） optimization method and sensitivity analysis are performed for the installation position, angle and ignition time of the seat basin airbag. The analysis indicates that the compression of dummy chest can be reduced by 14. 79%, and the movement of the pelvic is significantly restrained.