试论我国亲属作证特免权的构建——基于《刑事诉讼法》第188条第1款的反思

The Construction of Relatives Witness Privilege in China: Based on the Paragraph 1 of Article 188 of The Criminal Procedure Law

新《刑事诉讼法》第188条的但书条款规定了被告人的配偶、父母、子女不被强制出庭,赋予了被告人亲属拒绝出庭权。亲属拒绝出庭权与作证特免权相差甚远,但易被错误地解读为亲属作证特免权的初步确立。亲属作证只享有拒绝出庭的权利,却缺少作证特免权的权利,无疑剥夺了被告人对有异议的证人证言的有效质证权,同时违背直接言词原则。我国构建亲属作证特免权应明确其权利主体、权利内容及程序内容。

The provision of article 188 in the new＂ Criminal procedural law＂ written that the defendant＇s spouse, parents, children are not forced to appear in court, given the right to relatives of the defendant refuses to ap- pear in court.The right of relatives refused to appear in court and the fight of relatives witness privilege is far,but easy to be wrong interpretation is relatives witness privilege of preliminary established. Relatives only have the right of refused to appear in court to testify, but the lack of privilege, there is no doubt that deprived the right of cross-ex- amination of the defendant, at the same time against the principle of direct verbal trial. Based on the empirical study, value analysis method, inspect outside system and combining our country judicial background to build relatives wit- ness privilege.