水下无线传感器网络综述

Overview of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

水下无线传感器网络具有高时延、邻居节点不固定、能量有限、误码率高的特点,这使得在陆地无线传感器网络中使用的技术及协议无法直接在水下无线传感器网络中使用。针对该问题,介绍了目前水下无线传感器网络的应用领域,分析了3种常见的水下无线传感器网络结构以及各层的技术问题;从设备成本、协议、安全、能量效率、硬件寿命、通信质量等方面分析了水下无线传感器网络面临的挑战;对水下传感器网络今后的研究方向进行了展望。

Underwater wireless sensor network has the characteristics of high delay and its node is mobile, and its finite energy and bit error rate （BER） are high. Those characteristics make the technologies and protocols used in the terrestrial wireless sensor network cannot be directly used in underwater wireless sensor networks. Therefore, underwater wireless sensor networks are facing many challenges. Firstly, this paper introduced the applications of underwater wireless sensor networks; Secondly, we analyzed the three common underwater wireless sensor network structures and the technology; Then from the aspects of equipment cost, protocol, security, energy efficiency, network lifetime, communication quality, we analyzed the challenges that underwater wireless sensor networks were facing; Finally, we planned the future work of underwater wireless sensor networks.