上古汉语不确定语气副词的区分

On pragmatic properties of the uncertain modal adverbs in Archaic Chinese:A comparative study

对于研究不同种类的副词,句法制图方法卓有成效。但对近义副词来说,语用学分析可以发掘出更重要的语言事实。以上古汉语不确定语气副词为例,它们在主语前或主语后、副词并用、两项副词连用的排序、进入从句、移位方面的表现参差,捕捉不到整齐的规律;如果从信息渠道、主观性(褒贬和信疑)、语体等方面审视,不确定语气副词内部有区分,这些话语层面的区分与语气副词的意义、构成方式有关,也有一套语法形式的佐证(如:对人称、语气、句式的选择)。

Although the Cartographic Approach can be used to investigate syntactic properties of different types of adverbs,it sometime is ineffective in analyzing near-synonyms of modal adverbs.Based on the data of ten uncertain modal adverbs in Archaic Chinese,this paper tries to separate them from one another with several syntactic tests(such as linear order) which may reflect their hierarchical positions,but has no valuable findings.It then researches those modal adverbs within a Discourse Analysis framework.Many pragmatic properties of them are revealed from the perspective of evidentiality,subjectivity and genre.