中药秦艽生态适宜性区划研究

Ecology suitability study of Chinese materia medica Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix

为了预测中药秦艽在我国的生态适宜区分布,寻找影响适宜性分布的主要生态因子,该研究通过实地调查及网络共享平台数据获取313份秦艽、186份麻花艽、343份小秦艽和131份粗茎秦艽的分布信息,利用Max Ent模型和Arc GIS技术,综合55项环境因子,分析影响中药秦艽生态适宜性的主要环境因子。分别分析影响4个种的主要环境因子后认为,降水量和海拔对4个种生态适宜性分布均产生主要影响。秦艽生态适宜区主要集中甘肃南部、山西全省、陕西中部和青海东部;麻花艽生态适宜区主要集中在甘肃西南部、青海东部、四川北部及西北部和西藏东部;小秦艽生态适宜区主要集中在甘肃西南及南部、青海东部、山西全省和陕西北部;粗茎秦艽生态适宜区主要集中在四川和云南北部,西藏东部、甘肃南部和青海东部也有分布。秦艽药材的生态适宜性区划结果与每种来源的秦艽实际分布相一致。该研究可以为中药秦艽野生资源的收集、保护和栽培区域的选择提供参考依据。

This paper is aimed to predict ecology suitability distribution of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix and search the main eco- logical factors affecting the suitability distribution. The 313 distribution information about G. macrophylla, 186 distribution information about G. straminea, 343 distribution information about G. dauricaand 131 distribution information about G. crasicaulis were eollected though investigation and network sharing platform data. The ecology suitable distribution factors for production Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix was analyzed respectively by the software of ArcGIS and MaxEnt with 55 environmental factors. The result of MaxEnt prediction was very well （ AUC was above 0. 9 ）. The results of predominant factors analysis showed that precipitation and altitude were all the ma- jor factors impacting the ecology suitable of Getiana Macrophylla Radix production. G. macrophylla ecology suitable region was mainly concentrated in south of Gansu, Shanxi, central of Shaanxi and east of Qinghai provinces. G. straminea ecology suitable region was mainly concentrated in southwest of Gansu, east of Qinghai, north and northwest of Sichuan, east of Xizang province. G. daurica ecol- ogy suitable region was mainly concentrated in south and southwest of Gansu, east of Qinghai, Shanxi and north of Shaanxi province. G. crasicaulis ecology suitable region was mainly concentrated in Sichuan and north of Yunnan, east of Xizang, south of Gansu and eastof Qinghai province. The ecological suitability distribution result of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix was consistent with each species ac- tual distribution. The study could provide reference for the collection and protection of wild resources, meanwhile, provide the basis for the selection of cultivation area of Gentiana Macrophylla Radix.