地理元胞自动机模型研究进展

Progress on Geographic Cellular Automata Model

元胞自动机(Cellular Automata,简称CA)是一种基于微观个体的相互作用空间离散动态模型,其强大的计算功能、固有的平行计算能力、高度动态及空间概念等特征,使它在模拟空间复杂系统的时空动态演变研究具有较强的优势。文章回顾了元胞自动机的发展历程,阐述了CA在地理学中的主要应用领域和研究进展,在此基础上,以现实世界地理实体及现代城市扩张特征为视角,分析目前CA研究所面临的问题,并对其未来的研究趋势进行了初步探讨,认为以下3个方面将是未来CA研究的热点:1利用不规则元胞及可控邻域的CA模型,对不同规则或不同邻域地理实体的模拟研究;2采用三维元胞自动机对现代城市扩张进行立体化模拟,以克服二维CA模型的缺陷;3将矢量元胞自动机模型应用于地理实体的模拟研究,进一步提高模拟精度。

Cellular Automata（CA） is a kind of spatial discrete dynamic model based on the interaction of micro individual, the inherent parallel computing ability, highly dynamic and spatial concepts and other features, the CA has outstanding advantages in the study of simulated the temporal and spatial dynamics evolution of complex spatial system. To put it simply, CA is not only a discrete system in time, space and state, but also a local grid dynamics model of both spatial interaction and consequence in time, its ＂bottom-up＂ research method being applied in various fields such as society, economy and scientific research. constantly.The paper reviewed the development process of cellular automata briefly, expounds the main application fields and study progress of CA in geography, on this basis, from the perspective of the real world geographic entities and the modern urban expansion,analysis the existing problems in the study of CA at present, then for the study trends of CA has carried on the preliminary discussion, The results of the analysis is that the following three aspects will be the focus of future CA research： 1） Use CA model which has irregular cell or controllable neighborhood to simulate the geographic entities of different rules or different neighborhood; 2） In order to overcome the defects of the two dimensional CA model, use three dimensional cellular automata to simulate the three-dimensional expansion of modern urban; 3） For the sake of improvethe accuracy of simulation,use the vector cellular automaton model to simulate the geographic entities.