铁基纳米材料功能化及对水中汞离子的去除

Functionalized Iron-Based Nano-Materials for Removal of Mercury from Aqueous Solution

在水体重金属污染中,汞污染问题日益严峻,已成为全球性环境问题之一。近年来,纳米Fe Sx、Fe_3O_4、Fe0等铁基材料凭借优越的吸附性能以及比表面积优势,受到研究者的广泛关注。对铁基纳米材料进行稳定化、官能团改性之后可以增强纳米粒子的分散度,为汞离子提供更多的吸附点位,进一步加强对水中汞离子的去除效果。本文重点阐述了纳米FeS_x的稳定化、Fe_3O_4等铁基材料的巯基化(—SH)、氨基化(—NH_2)等功能化改性方法及对Hg^(2+)的去除;总结了功能化铁基纳米材料对水中Hg^(2+)的去除效果和影响因素;探究了功能化铁基纳米材料去除水中汞的机理;最后展望了铁基功能化纳米材料处理水体汞离子的发展方向。

Mercury pollution has posed increasingly severe threat to environment all over the world. Dealing with the problem of mercury contamination in water bodies is extremely urgent. The iron-based nanoparticles like FeSx ,Fe3O4 、Fe0 are used to remove mercury from aqueous solutions due to their high adsorption capacity and large surface area. In addition, using particle stabilization techniques and functional group modification could increase the dispersion of iron-based nanoparticles, offer more adsorption sites for the adsorption of mercury, which could enhance the effect of mercury removal. This paper emphasizes on the stabilization of FeSx nanoparticles, thiol-functionalization and amino-functionalization of Fe304, etc. The applications of functionalized iron-based nano-materials are summarized. The influential factors of mercury removal by iron- based materials are further discussed, and then the adsorption mechanisms of mercury by functionalized iron- based nanoparticles are also explored. Finally, the outlook of mercury removal in water environment by modified iron-based nano-materials are presented.