孤独症谱系障碍儿童的脑电特征与临床症状的相关性分析

Correlation between electroencephalogram characteristics and clinical symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder

目的分析孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）患儿脑电特征与临床症状之间的关系,为疾病的早发现、干预提供参考依据。方法对41例17-84月龄的ASD患儿进行常规脑电图检测,根据脑电图结果将其分为正常脑电图组（正常组）和异常脑电图组（异常组）,对异常组进行脑电地形图检测,分析异常组的脑电特征与临床症状[采用孤独症治疗评估量表（ATEC）评分评定]的相关性。结果脑电图正常患儿占68.3%（28/41）,脑电图异常患儿占31.7%（13/41）。正常组ATEC评分为（73.4±23.4）分,异常组为（63.5±24.2）分,2组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。异常组中右前颞区的δ频段绝对功率值与ATEC感觉/知觉评分呈正相关（r=0.575,P=0.040）。异常组中〈36月及〉60月组左右额部δ频段绝对功率值均大于36-60月组,〉60月组左右额部θ频段绝对功率值均大于36-60月组（P均〈0.05/3）。结论 ASD患儿右前颞区域δ频段绝对功率值越高,感知觉障碍越严重;ASD患儿的额部神经元异常放电存在月龄差异。

Objective To analyze the correlation between electroencephalogram（ EEG） characteristics and clinical symptoms in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder（ ASD）,aiming to provide reference for early diagnosis and intervention of ASD. Methods Forty one ASD children,aged 17 to 84 months,received routine EEG. All children were divided into the normal EEG（ normal group） and abnormal EEG groups（ abnormal group） according to the EEG results. Those in the abnormal group further underwent brain electrical activity mapping（ BEAM） to analyze the correlation between EEG characteristics and clinical symptoms（ according to autism treatment evaluation scale）. Results Among 41 children,28（ 68. 3%） had normal EEG and 13（ 31. 7%） yielded abnormal EEG. In the normal group,the mean autism treatment evaluation checklist（ ATEC） score was（ 73. 4 ± 23. 4）,which did not significantly differ from（ 63. 5 ± 24. 2） in the abnormal group（ P〉0. 05）. In the abnormal group,the δ absolute power at the right anterior temporal region was positively correlated with the consciousness / cognition score of autism treatment evaluation scale（ r =0. 575,P = 0. 040）. In the abnormal group,the δ absolute power at bilateral frontal region in children aged 36 months and 60 months was significantly higher compared with that in those aged between 36 and 60 months. The θ absolute power at bilateral frontal region was significantly higher than that in their counterparts aged〈 36 to〉 60 months（ both P〈0. 05 /3）. Conclusions The higher the δ absolute power at the right anterior region,the more severe cognition disorder in ASD children. Abnormal discharge from the frontal neurons differs over age.