论“燕行录”所记载的清代北京民间戏曲活动

On Folk Theatrical Events in Qing Dynasty in Travelogues in Yan

清代"燕行录"中有大量朝鲜出访中国使者所记录的有关当时北京地区民间戏曲活动的见闻。这些见闻在不同的传播层面为重新审视这一研究领域提供了别样的视角,其中关于清代北京商业演剧各类情况的记录翔实,是了解当时表演场所构造、经营等方面的新鲜材料。由于"燕行使"观察细致,在流动性的商业演剧及丧俗演剧方面亦留下众多记录,可补我国相关文献之空缺。作为异国观众,朝鲜使者将戏曲看作保存中华历史记忆的工具,表现出了独特的观剧态度。

Folk theatrical events in Qing Dynasty have been recorded in Travelogues in Yah by Korean envoys, which provides a special perspective to reexamine the research work in this field. In Travelogues in Yan, the detailed information about the commercial theater involving the construction of the performing venues and the business management was recorded comprehensively. As the careful observation of envoys in the travelogues, some information about the mobility of the commercial performances and the convention of funeral was richly recorded, which complements the lack of these documents in China. As foreign audiences, Korean envoys considered the Chinese opera as a tool of saving historical memory, that shows unusual theatrical views for performances.