现代医学的责任伦理诉求:在可能中寻求确定

Responsibility Ethics of Modern Medicine:In the Search of Certainty from the Probability

技术风险时代,技术理性的全面统治使现代医学的价值处境与责任困境凸显,表现为医学工具理性的过度张扬及对"确定性"的迷信,忽视"可能"的单向度发展,以及"有组织地不负责任"。仅站在道德主义的立场来谴责或痛心于价值危机或信仰的失落还不足以解决现存的医学危机。依靠"责任伦理"这一新的道德思维可能重新找到解决问题的思路与方向,实现从追溯性责任到前瞻性、预见性责任,从个体责任到整体性责任,以及强调非对称的关护责任的转向。

In the modern era full of technological risk, the modern medicine dominated by the technological rationality finds itself trapped in the dilemmas of value and responsibility. Namely, the instrumental rationality was over emphasized in modern medicine resulting in people＇s superstition of ＂certainty＂; the modern medicine was developed in one-dimension ignoring the probability in medical practice; and the medical practitioners were unconsciously taken a position of ＂organized irresponsibility＂. It is insufficient to solve the modern medical crisis only by advocating moral doctrine or criticizing the value and religion crisis. It is the time to propose the responsibility ethics, as a new moral thinking, to provide a diversion and approach for the problem, which include changing from retrospective responsibility to prospective and anticipated responsibility, changing from individual responsibility to collective responsibility, and proposing an asymmetrical responsibility with the core principle of caring.