基于供给需求理论的老龄化人口卫生服务的探讨

Study on Health Service for the Aging Population Based on the Theory of Supply and Demand

运用卫生经济学理论分析我国老年人的卫生服务需求和供给、疾病经济负担及卫生费用影响的因素,探讨老年人卫生服务的特点,为老龄化社会卫生服务供给提供政策建议。老年人主要罹患慢性疾病,疾病经济负担沉重;影响老年人卫生费用增长的主要因素包括健康状况、医疗保险、城镇化等;老年人的卫生服务需求具有多样性,应针对性地提供卫生服务。通过建立慢性病的分级诊疗、分类管理制度,引导老龄患者就近就医,并通过进一步完善老年社会医疗保险制度,制定实现健康老龄化的国家战略,保证老龄社会的可持续发展。

To explore the characteristics of health services and provide health service supply policy proposal for the elderly, economic burden and influencing factors of the elderly were analyzed based on the health economic theories. Economic burden of disease for the elderly is serious. The health services demand of the elderly has diversity, which should be targeted to provide health services. The main factors that affect the growth of health expenditure of the elderly include health status, health insurance and urbanization, etc. Therefore, the authors proposed that grading diagnosis and treatment system, classification management system of non-communicable chronic disease should be established to lead the elderly to the nearest hospital. To ensure the sustainable development of the ageing society, the social health insurance system for the elderly should be further improved, and a national strategy to achieve healthy aging should be developed.