海洋信息获取、传输、处理及融合前沿研究评述

Marine information gathering, transmission, processing, and fusion: current status and future trends

海洋信息的获取、传输、处理和融合,不仅在海洋科学研究、环境调查、资源开发、权益维护与安全防卫中发挥重要的作用,也因其应用环境的特殊性而成为信息科学研究的热点之一.海洋信息技术近30年的发展分享信息理论的丰富成果,同时突显出传播物理、信号处理以及海洋环境的紧密关系,这种结合在其他信息领域较为少见.本文主要关注海上目标探测、识别理论及方法;水下目标探测机理和识别方法;水下通信与海空一体信息传输;海洋环境遥感遥测理论与方法;海洋数据处理与信息融合方法与技术等.旨在通过对海洋信息获取、传输、处理和融合前沿研究的评述,凝练若干海洋信息关键科学问题,为我国海洋信息基础理论与方法的发展提供思路.

Marine information gathering, transmission, processing, and fusion play an important role in many areas, such as marine science research, environmental expedition, resource exploitation, and security and defense.Owing to its specific application environment, it has also become a popular information science research area.Like other branches of information science, the development of marine information technology over the last thirty years has benefited significantly from advances and achievements in general information theory. However, the manner in which it highlights the close bonding among propagation physics, signal processing, and the marine environment is seldom seen in other areas. This paper first gives a comprehensive overview of the current status of the theory and methods used in surface target acquisition, underwater target recognition, underwater communications and sea-air integrated information transmission, oceanic remote sensing, and data processing and information fusion. Subsequently, with the aim of helping to advance fundamental research on marine information important scientific problems to be addressed are presented.