工(矿)业污染场地钻探取样技术要求及选用方法探讨

TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT AND SELECTION OF DRILLING AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES FOR CONTAMINATED SITES BY CHEMISTRY AND MINING INDUSTRY

钻探取样是污染场地勘察与评估的重要环节。基于欧美发达国家的污染场地勘察工程实践经验及相关技术文献,本文阐明了污染场地钻探取样的质量要求(即保持物理和化学原状性)取决于土样所需的测试项目和所含污染物的化学稳定性,梳理了适用于污染场地各种钻进技术的优缺点及适用的土类,以及各种取样技术特点及配套的取样器。在此基础上,针对不同类型污染场地提出了钻进取样技术选用方法,用于指导工(矿)业污染场地的勘察工程实践。

Drilling and sampling is an important step for the investigation and assessment of contaminated sites. This paper is based on the practical experience of site investigation in European and American Countries and the relevant technical literatures. It states that the quality of drilling and sampling,i.e., keeping physical and chemical intactness of samples, depends on the soil testing items required and the type of contaminants enclosed. Then it summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the drilling methods being suitable for contaminated sites and their applicable soil types. The characteristics of the sampling methods being suitable for contaminated sites and the applicable samplers are also presented. Thereafter, a table is proposed for the selection of appropriate drilling and sampling methods for different types of contaminated sites. The table provides a guide for the site investigation of contaminated lands by chemistry and mining industry.