中国西部地区基本公共服务水平与空间格局研究

Research on Basic Public Service Level and Its Spatial Layout in West Area of China

从教育和文化服务、基本医疗服务、社会保障服务、生态环境服务、公共基础设施服务、信息化服务6个方面构建基本公共服务综合评价指标体系,测度2005—2014年西部地区12个省级区域基本公共服务水平及其差异,并对其空间格局进行分析。研究表明:西部地区基本公共服务水平有所提升,但也存在波动;各省区市公共服务水平差异显著,可划分为高、中、低3个层级,各层级内部的差距也较大,并呈现"从北向南递减"的态势;经济发展水平高低决定基本公共服务提供能力的强弱,但并不直接决定基本公共服务水平;基本公共服务水平主要受投入力度和投入效率的影响,并与区域人口及人力资源状况、中央政府的财政转移支付强度等有关。

Comprehensive evaluation index system for the basic public service is constructed from such six aspects as education and culture service, basic medical service, social security service, ecological environment service, public infrastructure service, and information service. Twelve provincial public service levels and their differences of administrative districts in the western region during 2005-2014 are tested and their spatial layouts are analyzed. The research indicates that the basic public service level in the west area is obviously raised but has fluctuation, that the public service level significantly has difference between each province and municipality and can be classified into three levels such as high, middle and low level, that there is big difference between each level, that the difference shows the pattern of gradual decrease from the north to the south, and that the situation of economic development level determines the situation of the supply capacity of basic public service but can not directly determine the basic public service level. The basic public service level is mainly affected by input size and input efficiency and is related to the financial transfer payment size of central government and so on.