中美国家创新战略演变与核心内容比较研究

Comparative Study of the Evolution and the Core Content of the National Innovation Strategies between China and the United States

2016年5月,中国政府发布《国家创新驱动发展战略纲要》,此前的2015年10月,美国政府发布《美国创新战略》,这是中美两国关于各自国家创新部署的纲领性文献。比较研究中美两国创新战略的演变历程和核心内容,对中国实施创新驱动发展战略、建设创新型国家有重要的启示意义:《国家创新驱动发展战略纲要》应与《中国制造2025》等规划同步协调实施;要将先进农业技术和环保科技放在突出重要的位置,保证粮食安全;要完善和改革教育体制,建立与《国家创新驱动发展战略纲要》相匹配的先进教育体系;要技术创新与制度创新并举,构建先进的创新文化。

Chinese government issued the National Strategy for Innovation Driven Development in May, 2 0 1 6 , before that, the U. S. government issued the American Innovation Strategy in October, 2015. These are the programmatic documents of the national innovative deployment for China and the US. The comparative study of the evolution and the core content for the innovation strategies has important implications to the implementing of China, s innovation-driven development strategy and building an innovation-oriented country ： China, s innovation strategy should be synchronized and coordinated implementation with the Chinese Manufacturing 2025 and other documents; put the advanced agricultural and environmental protection science and technologies in a prominent position, ensure food security; improve and reform the education system, establish the advanced education system matched with the National Innovation Strategies, pay attention to both technical innovation and institutional innovation and establish the advanced and innovative culture.