贾谊民本思想浅析

My Analysis of Jia Yi's People-oriented Thought

贾谊的民本思想,主张为政必须以民为本,以民为命,以民为功,以民为力。在此思想基础上,他认为建立刑罚的目的是"以禁不肖,以起怠惰之民",故他反对民有疑罪立即判刑、诛杀,主张"疑罪从去",这在法制史上是进步思想。贾谊民本思想,比南朝萧梁学者刘勰从宽刑罚、省徭役、轻赋敛、不夺农时等方面关心民生、民瘼的民本思想更全面深入。贾谊认为"王者有易政而无易国,有易吏而无易民","民者万世之本也",所以施政必须把民放在首位,这样才能民富国强,长治久安。

Jia Yi's people-oriented thought advocated that governing must take people as foundation, life, exploits and power, on the basis of this thought, He believed that the purpose of establishing penalty was to ban the unworthy,urge the lazy people, so he opposed to sentence or kill the people with suspected crime immediately, advocated'non-prosecution of suspected crime', which is a progressive idea in the history of law. Jia Yi's people-oriented thought is more comprehensive and deeper than that of Scholar Liu Xie in the Northern and Soutern Dynasties who advocated the lenient punishment, light corvee and tax, not occuping peasants farming season, and caring the livelihood and sufferings of the people. Jia Yi believed that the 'Kings could change the policy and not the country, replace the officials and not the people'. 'People are the foundations of all ages', so he thought that making policy must put people in the first place, so as to make the people rich and the country strong, and assure the long-term stability.