棕榈纤维黑色素提取工艺及性质

Extraction technology and characterization of melanin from palm fiber

采用盐酸和乙醇混合液为提取液对棕榈纤维黑色素进行提取并优化其提取工艺,对其基本性质进行了研究.结果表明,最佳提取条件为提取时间4 h、提取温度80℃、料液质量比1∶25、乙醇的体积分数80%、盐酸乙醇体积比2∶8,此时黑色素得率为34.64%.红外光谱图和紫外吸收光谱图表明,棕榈纤维黑色素的结构特征与合成黑色素基本一致,棕榈纤维黑色素溶于碱液但不溶于水、酸及一般的有机溶剂.

Mixed acid and alcohol were used to extract the palm fiber melanin, the extraction process was optimized and the basic properties of the palm fiber were studied. The one-factor-at-a-time and orthogonal array design methods were used to optimize the extraction technology of palm fiber melanin. The optimum extraction temperature, extraction time, ratio of solid to liquid, the volume faction of alcohol and the ratio of acid and alcohol were 80 ℃ ,4 hours,25 g/mL, 80% and 2 ： 8 ,and the crude extract yield reached upto 34. 64% under these optimum conditions. The UV and infrared spectral characterization indicated that the melanin had a structure i-dentical to that of synthetic melanin. The palm fiber melanin was soluble in alkaline solution, but insoluble in water, acid solution and organic solvents.