社会经济因素对乡村聚落区位影响的适宜性评价分析——以云南环洱海地区为例

The Suitability Evaluation of Social and Economic Factors on the Location of Rural Settlement——Take Erhai Rim Region of Yunnan for Example

以云南环洱海乡村聚落为研究区域,利用ArcGIS软件的空间分析和统计功能,对不同社会经济因素对乡村聚落的区位适宜性等级和分值进行测度,得出以下结论:全区乡村聚落区位受社会经济因素影响较为明显,经济基础薄弱、人口稀少且交通便利的中小型聚落为该区聚落的主体,中心城区影响力在南部聚落区位选择中所发挥的作用远大于北部,城镇用地对聚落布局区位的影响随着与中心城镇间距离的增加而明显下降;多数聚落的区位条件相对较差,南部聚落的区位适宜性分值整体高于北部。根据测度结果,将乡村聚落优化模式分为城镇转化型、优先发展型、特色发展型、引导发展型及弃迁型等5种。

The location choice of rural settlement is influenced by social and economic factors. Use the spatial analysis and statistical functions of ArcGIS software,we measure the degree and score of suitability of rural settlement in the Erhai rim region,based on the measurement results, the optimization idea of spatial pattern of rural settlement in this area is put forward.The results showed that,the location of rural settlements in the whole region is greatly influenced by the social and economic factors,settlements with small and medium sized, weak economic foundation, less population and convenient transportation as the main body of the settlement in the area,the influence of central urban area on the location choice of settlement in the south of the south is far greater than that in the north,the effect of urban land use on the location of the settlement layout is obviously decreased with the increase of the distance between the central cities and towns.The location conditions of most settlements are relatively poor, the location suitability scores of the southern settlements were higher than those in the north.Based on the measurement results of the suitability grades and scores of rural settlement location,five kinds of control modes, such as urban transformation, priority development, characteristic development, guidance and development, and disposable type are put forward.