小麦小孢子胚胎发生机制及培养技术研究进展

Research Progress on Microspore Embryogenesis Mechanism and Culture Techniques in Wheat

小孢子培养技术是获得双单倍体的最佳途径,在育种和基础研究方面均具有很大的应用潜力。从小麦小孢子胚胎发生的形态学、生理生化水平及分子水平等方面阐述小麦小孢子胚胎发生机制,从供体材料基因型、生理状态、取材时期及供试材料预处理、小孢子的分离纯化、诱导培养、再生培养等培养技术方面综述了小孢子培养的主要影响因素,并提出了研究中亟待解决的问题。

Microspores culture is the best technology to obtain double haploids and has great potential for breeding and fundamental research. The wheat microspore embryogenesis mechanism was expounded at morphological,physiological and biochemical,molecular level. Meanwhile,the main factors of wheat microspore culture were summarized from the aspects of genotype,physical conditions,sampling time of donor plants,and main culture techniques such as pretreatments of donor plants,isolation and purification,induction culture and regeneration culture. Finally,the problems needed to be solved were pointed out.