王夫之和伊藤仁斋《易经》研究之比较

A Comparison of Wang Fuzhi and Itou Jinsai's Researches into the Yijing

《易经》在古代中国被奉为六经之首,经过翻译而东传日本,历经一千多年的受容、流播而发展至今。同处东亚两国同一时期的日本江户时期古义派代表人物伊藤仁斋与中国明末清初的著名经学大师和思想家王夫之的易学研究,有实证主义倾向的共性,同时又各具特色。关于乾卦和坤卦的关系,王夫之主张"乾坤并建",伊藤仁斋认为"乾元一气";关于义理和象数的问题,王夫之兼顾二者,评价更为客观、全面。而伊藤则认为"义理"主"义","象数"主"利";关于卦的某些解释、义理的阐发以及论述方法上,二者虽有相似之处但也各有见解,不尽相同。

The Yijing , which has been honourably regarded the first among the Six Classics in ancient China , has been received and transmitted in Japan till today for more than one thousand years through the translation. Itou Jinsai was the representative of the Original Meaning School in the Edo period , and Wang Fuzhi was a famouse master of the Confucian classics and a thinker of the Yi-ology in the late Ming and early Qing peri-ods, both of whom were lived in the East Asian countries during the same period. Though their researches had their own characteristics , they also had the similar tendency of positivism. As to the relationship of the dia-grams Qian and Kun Wang Fuzi held that diagrams Qian and Kun corelated while Itou Jinsai maintained that diagrams Qian and Kun had the same qi （ air ）; as to the problems of moral principle and image- numerol-ogy Wang Fuzi thought that both were important so his evaluation was more objective and comprehensive than Itou Jinsai because to Itou Jinsai the former gave priority to righteousness and the latter benefit. As for the explanations of some diagrams the interpretation and elucidation of the moral principles about some dia-grams and the methods of discussion their opinions were not completely the same though they looked simi-lar.