外加Cd处理下不同作物品种Cd吸收与分配的基因型差异

The Genotypic Differences in Cd Absorption and Distribution to Different Crops

采用溶液培养法,研究了Cd胁迫下16种云南主栽作物的Cd分配、累积以及根部和地上部对Cd的富集之间的相关性。结果表明:供试作物地上部和根部的Cd含量与溶液中的Cd含量密切相关,供试作物之间对Cd的耐性差异明显。高浓度Cd处理抑制供试作物的生长,其根系能够大量富集Cd。不同供试作物类型对Cd的富集存在差异,各供试作物类型之间对Cd的富集从高到低为烤烟>蔬菜类>油料类>禾谷类,各供试作物品种之间又存在明显的种间差异。低浓度Cd处理5μmol/L时,蔬菜类作物4号作物鲁春白(白菜)地上部分最低Cd的富集浓度为0.31mg/kg,油料作物15号作物花油6号(油菜)地上部分最低Cd的富集浓度为0.30mg/kg,禾谷类作物10号作物云选11-12(小麦)地上部分最低Cd的富集浓度为0.23mg/kg,符合Cd在食品中的国家安全标准,因此上述3种作物在低浓度Cd胁迫下表现出低富集能力,为低Cd污染土壤的安全高效利用提供了依据。

This paper studied the biomass, distribution, accumulation, and correlation analysis of Cd in shoots and roots of sixteen Yunnans main crops by adding different concentration of Cd in the hydroponic culture. The results showed that Cd concentration in shoots and roots closely related to Cd. The tolerance of Cd was different in crops. High concentrations of Cd inhibited the crops from growing, and the root system was enriched abundant of Cd. Dif-ferent cultivars absorbed different amount of Cd. The results showed that the ability of Cd accumulation in different cultivars was： tobaccos 〉 vegetable crops 〉 oil corps 〉 cereal crops. The obvious differences between species were found. The minimum concentration of the number 4 crop was 0. 31 mg/Kg. The number 15 crop was 0. 30mg/kg. The number 10 crop was 0. 23mg/kg. The accumulation of Cd of these crops met the national food safety standards. Therefore, the above three crops were the strongest Cd tolerant crops in low Cd concentration.