处理麦秸制备麦草刨花板性能研究

Research on Properties of Wheat Straw Particleboard Prepared by Treated Wheat Straw

本文以麦秸原料为研究对象,对麦草表面进行处理,采用异氰酸酯作为胶黏剂,制备麦草刨花板。系统研究麦草表面处理对刨花板的物理力学性能、吸水率等综合性能的影响。实验结果表明,水处理的麦秸制成的刨花板的物理力学性能提高,1%浓度的碱处理过的麦草刨花板的力学性能比5%碱处理过的麦草刨花板显著提高,但5%浓度的碱处理的刨花板的耐水性显著提高。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果表明:采用碱处理的麦草外表面蜡质层全部去除,接触角的测试结果进一步验证了碱处理方法能够降低麦草外表面的疏水性,提高润湿性,力学性能测试结果表明,采用不同处理方法进行麦草改性,其各种力学强度均能达到国家标准。

In this paper, straw raw materials were studied and wheat straw particleboards were prepared by processing the straw surface and using isocyanate adhesive. The effects on the comprehensive performance including physical mechanical properties as well as water absorption of particleboards prepared from wheat straw with disposed surfaces were studied systematically. It is suggested that the physical mechanical properties of particleboards which were made of straw treated by boiling water were improved and that the me-chanical properties of straw particleboards treated by 1 % concentration of alkali were more obviously enhanced compared with those dis-posed of 5% , and with the treatment of 5% concentration of alkali particleboards had a higher resistivity against water. It indicated through scanning electron microscope（ SEM） that the waxy layer on the outer face of straw processed by alkali was removed completely. The results obtained through contact angle measurements further verified that it could reduce the straw contact angle on the outer face and increase the wettability of straw surface. The mechanical properties showed that modifying wheat straw with different processes, the mechanical strengths of particleboards could meet the requirements of national standard.