反向扩孔气动冲击器内活塞结构的仿真研究与优化设计

Optimization Design and Computer Simulation of the Reverse Counterboring Pneumatic Impactor's Inner Piston Structure

分析了反向扩孔气动冲击器工作原理,运用牛顿运动定律、热力学能量守恒定律、定常流动能量方程、波动理论等建立活塞运动的数学模型——冲击器性能(钻头获得的冲击能和破岩的有效功率)与内活塞结构参数的函数关系.利用Matlab数学软件对反向扩孔气动冲击器活塞运动的数学模型进行数值求解.对影响反向扩孔气动冲击器性能的各内活塞结构参数进行了详细的仿真分析,得到了各结构参数与气动冲击器性能之间的关系.钻头所获的冲击能和破岩有效功率会随着内活塞外径、内活塞长度、内活塞前端到钻头的距离的增大而减小.

The working principles of the reverse counterboring pneumatic impactor were analyzed. The mathematical model of piston movement was built based on Newton＇ laws of motion,energy conservation law of thermodynamics,steady flow energy equation and w a v e theory to explore the relationship between the performance parameters （ i . e.,impact energy and rock breaking effective power） and inner piston structure parameters of the impactor. The mathematical software Matlab was used to solve the mathematical model of the reverse counterboring pneumatic impactor＇ s piston movement. The inner piston structure parameters which affect the impact performance were analyzed in detail to obtainthe relationship between the impact performance and the inner piston structure parameters. It was found that the drill＇s impact energy and rock breaking effective power will reduce with the increase of the inner piston＇s outside diameter,the inner piston＇ length and the distance from the inner piston＇ front face to the drill .