聚能射流对公交起火近场次生危害的分析与抑制

Shaped charge jet analysis and control of the secondary disaster of bus caught fire

鉴于近年来接连发生数起恶性公交车起火事故,且事故具有突发性与发展快速性,提出利用聚能射流对起火后逃生通道进行开辟与扩充。然而,聚能射流触发后伴随一系列危害因素,可能给驾乘人员造成次生伤害。据此,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立射流切割器数值分析模型,探索聚能装药爆轰产物超压与高温,并基于人体耐受能力评价其对驾乘人员的伤害。通过系列对比分析,获得适用于公交车起火逃生通道开辟与扩充的线型聚能射流设计参数,实现对驾乘人员近场次生灾害的抑制,以确保驾乘人员的安全,以期促进该方法在公交车起火防护中的应用。

In recent years, several buses had been caught fire viciously in major cities, and all the accidents happened su-ddenly and developed rapidly. The shaped charge jet was put forward as a countermeasure for the caught fire bus to open and enlarge the escape routes. However, a series of hazardous factors might bring some secondary disaster to drivers and passengers accompanied with detonation of shaped charge jet. In order to understand the overpressure and high temperature of the detonation products, the numerical model was established to simulate the behavior of the shaped charge jet. Then the potential dangerous for drivers and passengers were evaluated based on the physical resistance of human body. Through a series of comparative analysis, the parameters of a linear shaped charge jet suitable for caught fire bus escape routes were obtained. The secondary disaster were inhabited from nearfield drivers and passengers to keep them safe. It was expected to promote the application of the method in protection of the caught fire bus.