胶状乳化炸药油溶性破乳研究

Oil-soluble demulsification of gelatin emulsion explosive

通过分析胶状乳化炸药接触机油后产生油水分离的原因,探讨胶状乳化炸药油溶性破乳机理。结合破乳案例进行原因分析,运用相似相溶原理、湿润增溶机理、模拟实验与化学分析相结合的方法,对油溶性破乳进行了研究。研究发现,油溶性破乳实际是一种溶解现象,油包水型乳化炸药基质的胶体具有亲油性,机油与胶体充分接触形成润湿现象,接触部位的界面膜遭到了破坏,相邻的内相粒子聚集形成大液滴并析晶,胶体的水、油相破乳分离,放出热量加速破乳进程,贮存环境条件不良时破乳析晶扩散。结果表明,油溶性破乳本质是相似相溶,防止乳化炸药油溶性破乳的有效方法是切断破乳路径。

The reason of oil-water separation generated from the gelatin emulsion explosive exposure to machine oil was analyzed ,the oil-soluble demulsification mechanism was explored. The reason of demulsification cases were analyzed, the oil-soluble demulsification was studied in depth using similarity-intermiscibility theory, wetting solubilization mechanism, simulation test and chemical analysis method. The research found that the oil-soluble demulsification was actually a kind of dissolution phenomenon. The gelatin of the oil-water emulsion explosive matrix had lipophilic capability, the wetting phenomenon was produced after the full contact between oil and colloid and the interfacial membrane of the contact site was damaged. The adjacent inner phase particles aggregated to form large droplets and crystallization, the water-oil phase of colloid was separated that the demulsification process was accelerated with the releasing heat, and it was crystallized and diffused under the bad storage conditions. The results showed that the nature of oil-soluble demulsification was similarity-intermiscibility. Cutting off the demulsification path was the effective method to prevent oil-soluble demulsification of emulsion explosive.