慢性肺病住院患者吸烟特征研究

Characteristics Research of Smoking Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Disease

目的本课题采用配对设计研究慢性肺病住院患者相对于其他住院患者吸烟行为的特点,进一步研究出针对慢性肺病患者这一特殊人群的戒烟指导意见及方案,更好地开展科室戒烟工作。方法在患者知情同意前提下,对2014年6月至2015年6期间昌吉州中医医院肺病科的慢性肺病住院患者,以及按照性别、年龄、民族三因素配对抽取同期于其他科室住院的非慢性肺病患者,前者为慢性肺病组,后者为非慢性肺病组。系统询问并记录、填写调查表,所得结果采用SPSSl6.0软件包进行数据分析。结果慢性肺病组与非慢性肺病组在吸烟危害认知程度上保持一致,无统计学差异,（х2=3.0082,P=0.0828）;慢性肺病组中以大于65岁年龄组吸烟率最高,而在非慢性肺病组中则表现为45~65年龄组吸烟率最高,两组间存在统计学差异（х2=30.0926,P=0.0000）;慢性肺病组患者集中于戒烟行为的准备期,而在非慢性肺病组中,更多人戒烟行为徘徊于思考期;在戒烟措施方面,慢性肺病组患者更青睐于咀嚼胶来干预戒烟,而非慢性肺病组中更多会选择外用药物来帮助戒烟;吸烟者的吸烟行为与尼古丁依赖度有正相关趋势;对中医药戒烟治疗的认识有待加强。结论本调查中显示慢性肺病患者吸烟人群以中老年为主,戒烟愿望强,但在具体实施过程中缺乏个体化指导,应在今后的诊治中引起重视。

Objective The purpose of this project is to design and research the paired hospitalized chronic lung disease patients compared to other hospital patients smoking behavior characteristic,further to study the guidance scheme for smoking cessation and hospitalization of this special population of lung disease patients,to better carry out the work environment for quitting smoking.Methods Under the permit of patient＇s informed consent,patients with chronic lung disease in the hospital of TCM Hospital of Changji from June of2014 to June of 2015 were chosen as study samples,and in accordance with the sex,age,nationality,the former is the chronic lung disease group,the latter is a chronic lung disease group.System inquired and recorded,filled in the questionnaire,the results using SPSSl6.0software package for data analysis.Results Chronic pulmonary disease group and non COPD group in smoking consistent cognition,there was no significant difference（х2=3.0082,P =0.0828）;the smoking rate of chronic lung disease group with more than 65 year old is the highest,while the smoking rate of the non COPD group between 45 and 65 age is the highest,there significant difference between the two groups（х2=30.0926,P =0.0000）;chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients concentrated on quitting smoking preparation period,while the non COPD group patients concentrated on smoking wandering period;in respects of smoking measures,chronic lung disease patients prefer chewing gum to smoking cessation intervention,and the chronic lung disease group will choose topical drugs to help smokers quit smoking;smoking behavior and nicotine dependence have positive correlation;understanding of Chinese medicine for the treatment of smoking cessation gradually strengthened.Conclusion In this investigation,the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are mainly in elderly patients with middle and old age,they have strong desire to give up smoking,but in the specific implementation process,they are lack of individual guidance,they should pay attention in the future.