护理干预对糖尿病患者自我管理能力及应对方式和预后效果的影响

Influence of Nursing Intervention on Self-management Ability,Coping Style and Prognosis of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

目的研究糖尿病(DM)患者实施护理干预对自我管理能力、应对方式、预后效果的影响。方法回顾分析自2013年7月至2015年7月以来,135例DM患者临床资料,依据护理方式将其分为研究组(n=68)与对照组(n=67),对照组予常规护理,研究组在对照组基础上实施护理干预。观察对比两组护理前后DSCS(自我管理能力)评分、MCMQ(应对方式)评分、SF-36(生存质量)评分的改变情况,观察两组护理模式对HbA1c(糖化血红蛋白)、FBG(空腹血糖)、P2hBG(餐后2 h血糖)、BMI指数(体重指数)水平的预后影响。结果研究组护理干预前饮食控制、血糖监测、遵嘱用药、规律运动、足部护理、血糖异常紧急处理等自我管理能力各项评分及总分与对照组对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后自我管理能力各项评分及总分与对照组对比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组护理干预前应对方式评分中主动面对、心理屈服、被动回避分值与对照组对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后应对方式各项评分与对照组对比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组护理干预前PF、SF、RP、BP、MH、RE、VT、GH、HT各生活质量评分与对照组对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后生活质量评分与对照组对比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组护理干预前HbA1c、FBG、P2hBG、BMI水平与对照组对比,均无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后血糖相关指标对比,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 DM患者实施护理干预,能够提高自我管理能力,改善应对方式及生活质量,维持稳定的血糖状态,效果显著,应予推广。

Objective To study the effect of nursing intervention on self management ability, coping style and prognosis in patients with DM （diabetes mellitus）. Methods A retrospective analysis of our hospital since July July 2013 to 2015, in our hospital treatment of 135 cases of DM patients clinical data, according to the mode of nursing will be divided into the study group（ n = 68） and the control group（ n = 67）, the control group received routine nursing study group in the control group on the basis of the implementation of nursing interven- tion. Observation and comparison of two groups of nursing before and after DSCs （self - management） score, mcmq （coping style） score and SF - 36 （quality of life） score changes. To assess the prognostic impact of two groups of nursing mode on the level of HbAlc（AIC）, FBG（fasting blood glucose）, P2HBG（2 h postprandial blood glucose, BMI （body mass index）. Results The study group nursing intervention of diet, blood glucose monitoring compliance with prescribed medication, regular exercise, foot care, blood glucose abnormal emergen- cy handling, and other self management ability of the score and total score and compared with the control group, there was no statistical significance（P 〉 0.05）. After the intervention of self management can force item score and total score and control comparison group, there were statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）. Research group of nursing intervention in coping style scores of active face, yield psychological, passive avoidance scores and com-pared with the control group, there was no statistical significance（P 〉 0.05）, after the intervention of the coping style of the score and compared with the control group. There was statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）. Research group of nursing intervention of PF, SF, RP, BP, MH, re, VT, GH, HT life quality score and compared with the control group. There was no statistical significance（ P 〉 0.05 ）, stem prognosis and life quality score and compared with the control group, there were statistically significant （P〈 0.05）. In the study group, the levels of HbAlc, FBG, P2hBG, BMI before nursing intervention and the control group were not statistically signifi- cant（P 〉0.05）. After the intervention, the correlation indexes of blood glucose were statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion DM patients with nursing intervention can improve self - management ability, improve coping style and quality of life, maintain a stable blood sugar state, the effect is significant, should be promoted.