出土饱水竹简失水干缩的复形研究——以海昏侯墓葬出土竹简等为例

Research on the restoration of dehydrated and dried-up bamboo slips——Bamboo slips excavated in Han dynasty tombs of Haihum Hou,etc.

失水干缩竹简不仅改变了竹简的形貌,而且字迹无法辨认,不能进行考古释文,极大地影响了其承载的历史价值和研究价值。通过海昏侯墓葬等出土竹简等残片的干缩复形研究实验,对复形前后外形尺寸、化学组分、微观结构等方面进行比较。结果表明:经生物碱和表面活性剂等材料浸润后的干缩竹简残片,外形尺寸可恢复到干缩前的98%以上,竹简残片内部干缩变小的空隙结构得到恢复,化学组分无明显变化。运用该技术对干缩竹简进行复形处理,复形后的竹简基本恢复到饱水时的状态,而且对字迹无损伤。

When a bamboo slip becomes dehydrated and dried- up, it deforms and the characters on the slip became unrecognizable. That kind of bamboo slip is of little value for archaeological studies. This paper focuses on the restoration of the dehydrated and dried - up bamboo slips unearthed from Haihun Hou tomb etc. By comparing the sizes, components and micro mechanisms of a bamboo case before and after treatment, it is found that the size of the bamboo case can be restored to 98% of its original size, although the chemical composition in the bamboo did change when the dehydrated and dried - up bamboo case was soaked in solutions of alkali and surface - active agents for a period of time. This method can be used to restore dehydrated and dried- up bamboo slips to a waterlogged condition. Moreover, the method does no damage to the characters on the slips.