义务教育学校“大班额”的危害、成因与对策——基于广西的分析与思考

On the Harm,Causes and Countermeasures of the“Large-class”in Compulsory Education Schools:An Analysis Based on Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

分析我国主要是广西的数据资料可发现,"大班额"现象在我国义务教育中仍占有相当大的比例,在城市特别是某些城区及县城学校比较严重。"大班额"现象的存在,不仅有碍教育公平,也影响教学质量,对学生和教师的身心健康很不利。导致"大班额"现象的原因主要有义务教育资源配置及学校布局不合理,进城务工人员子女就学人数逐年增加,择校现象客观存在而优质学校相对不足。为消除或缓解"大班额"现象,必须不断推进城乡义务教育的均衡发展,进一步优化义务教育学校的布局结构,切实加强义务教育学校的招生及学籍管理。

According to the analysis of national data and mainly Guangxi provincial data, the ＂large--class＂ phenomenon exists generally in the compulsory education in our country, especially in the schools of city districts and county towns. The ＂large--class＂ phenomenon not only hinders educational equality and affects teaching quality, but also does harm to the physical and mental health of teachers and students. The main causes for this ＂large--class＂ phenomenon are： unreasonable distribution of educational resources and schools, the increasing school enrollment from migrant worker families, and the existence of school-- selecting phenomenon as well as the insufficient high--quality schools. In order to eliminate the ＂large-- class＂ phenomenon, it is necessary to advance the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas, to optimize the allocation of compulsory education schools, and to strengthen the management of school enrollment in compulsory education schools.