某教学医院医院感染现患率调查

Survey on prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in a teaching hospital

目的了解医院感染的现状,分析医院感染管理中存在的问题,为改进防控医院感染的措施提供依据。方法通过横断面调查方式,对某教学医院住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查与分析。结果调查当日实查住院患者1 682例,发生医院感染80例、97例次,医院感染现患率为4.76%、感染例次率为5.77%。以中心重症监护病房医院感染率最高,达到53.33%。医院感染部位主要为下呼吸道、泌尿道和手术切口,感染率构成比依次为40.21%、22.68%和10.31%。医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占73.68%,居前三位为大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌。结论该医院住院患者医院感染率高于我国其他三甲医院,提示应采取相应措施加强医院感染的监控和管理。

Objective To know the present situation of the nosocomial infection in a teaching hospital and to analyze the problems in nosoeomial infection management ,so as to provide the basis for improving the prevention and control of nosoco- mial infection practices. Methods A cross - sectional study design was used to survey and analyze prevalence rate of noso- comial infection of inpatients in a teaching hospital. Results There were 1682 inpatients on the investigation day. There were 80 nosocomial infection patients and 97 infection cases. The rate of nosocomial infection was 4.76% , and the infection rate of cases was 5.77%. Intensive Care Unit got highest nosocomial infections rate of 53.33%. Nosocomial infections oc- curred mainly in the lower respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical site, and their constituent ratios of nosocomial infection were respectively 40.21% ,22.68% and 10.31%. Gram negative bacteria occupied the largest proportion of pathogens of 73.68%. Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were the top three, Conclusion The sur- vey exhibited the higher prevalence rates of nosocomial infection in teaching hospital comparing to other top tree hospitals. So corresponding measures should be enforced to strengthen surveillance and management of nosocomial infection.